I-dm¨n: {]-ikv-X K-k Km-b-I³ sa-lvv-Zn l-ʳ (84) A-´-cn¨p. I-dm-¨n-bn-se kz-Im-cy B-ip-]-{Xn-bn-em-bn-cp-¶p A-´yw. 12 hÀ-j-t¯m-f-ambn izm-k-tIm-i kw-_-Ôam-b A-kpJ-s¯ Xp-SÀ-¶v Nn-In-Xvv-k-bn-em-bn-cp-¶p.
kw-Ko-X-temI-s¯ cm-Pm-hm-bn-«m-Wv sa-lvv-Zn l-k³ A-dn-b-s¸-«n-cp-¶-Xvv. ]m-¡n-kv-Xm³ kÀ-¡mÀ \n-ch-[n ]p-c-kv-¡m-c-§Ä \Â-In A-t±-l-s¯ B-Z-cn¨p. C-´y-bn \n¶pw  ssk-KmÄ ]p-c-kv-¡m-cw DÄ-s¸-sS \n-ch-[n ]p-c-kv-¡m-c-§fpw lk-s\ tX-Sn-sb-¯n-bn-«p-WvSvvv. 2000¯n-em-Wv A-h-km-\-am-bn l-k³ C-´y-bn-se-¯n-b-Xvv.
1927 Pq-em-bv 28\v cm-P-Øm-\n- H-cp kwKo-X Ip-Spw-_-¯n-em-bn-cp-¶p sa-lvv-Zn lk-sâ P-\\w. ]n-Xmhm-b D-kv-Xm-Xv B-knw-Jm\pw A-½m-h³ D-kvv-Xm-Xv C-kvv-am-bn Jm-\p-am-bn-cp-¶p lk-sâ kw-Ko-X-¯n-se Kp-cp-¡³-amÀ. C-´y-bn-em-bn-cp-¶p P-\-\-sa-¦n-epw 20þmwa-s¯ h-b-Ên C-´ymþ]m-¡v hn-`-P-\-t¯m-sS ]m-¡n-kv-Xm-\n-te¡vv Ip-Sn-tb-dn-¸mÀ-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p.
kw-Ko-X-tem-I-¯vvv F-¯p-¶-Xn-\p-ap¼vvv G-sd I-jvv-S-¸m-Sp-IÄ \n-d-ª Po-hn-X-am-bn-cp-¶p l-k-tâ-Xvv.Ip-Spw-_-¯n-\v B-{i-b-am-bn-cp-¶ lk³  B-Zy-Im-e¯vv ssk-¡nÄ I-S-bn tPm-en-¡m-c-\mbn. ]n-¶oSvv ImÀ sa-¡m-\n-¡n-sâ tPm-en- sN-bvvXp. ]n-¶o-Svvv 1957em-Wv tdUntbm ]m-¡n-kv-Xm-\n-¡v th-WvSn ]m-Sm³ lk-\v A-hk-cw e-`n-¨Xv. AXvv A-t±-l-¯n-sâ Po-hn-X-¯n-se h-gn-¯n-cn-hm-bn-cp-¶p. ]n-¶oSvv ]m-Sm³ \n-ch-[n A-h-k-c-§Ä lk-s\ tX-Sn-h-¶p.- 60I-fn-epw 70I-fnepw l-k-sâ i-_vv-Z-am-bn-cp¶p kw-Ko-X-temIw A-S-¡n-hm-Wn-cp-¶-Xvv. lk-sâ i-_vv-Z-an-sÃ-¦n kn\n-a A-]qÀ-®-am-sW-¶v I-cp-Xn-bn-cp-¶ H-cp Im-e-ap-WvSm-bn-cp-¶p. 'ssZ-h-¯n-sâ i-_vv-Z'-sa-¶m-Wv sa-lvv-Zn l-k-sâ iÐ-s¯ C-´y-bp-sS hm-\-¼m-Sn e-Xm a-t¦-jv-¡À hn-ti-jn-¸n-¨n-cp-¶-Xvv. 2010þse kÀ-lm-tZ³ F-¶ kn-\n-a-bn-se tX-sc an-em-\-bmWv l-k³þe-Xm-a-t¦-jvv-¡-dn-sâ-Xm-bn A-h-km-\-am-bn e-`n-¨ Km\w.