I-dm-¨n: hn-Jym-X K-k Km-b-I³ sa-lv-Zn l-k³ A-´-cn-¨p. 84 h-b-Êm-bn-cp-¶p. hn-hn-[ A-kp-J-§Ä-aq-ew I-dm-¨n-bn-se A-Km Jm³ B-ip-]-{Xn-bn Nn-In-Â-k-bn I-gn-b-sh C-¶-se D-¨-bv-¡p 12 a-Wn-tbm-sS-bm-bn-cp-¶p A-´yw. 12 hÀ-j-t¯m-f-am-bn hn-hn-[ tcm-K-§-fm t¢-in-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p A-t±-lw.
c-WvSp- `m-cy-am-cn-em-bn 14 a-¡-fp-WvSv. `m-cy-amÀ t\-c-t¯ a-cn-¨p. K-kÂ-cm-Pm-hm-bm-Wv A-t±-l-s¯ kw-Ko-X-tem-Iw hn-ti-jn-¸n-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. B-_v In _n-Nm-sZ, ]-« ]-« _q-«, I-_v sI _n-Nm-sc Xp-S-§n-b \n-Xy-l-cn-X K-k-ep-I-fn-eq-sS Z-£n-tW-jy-bn-se e-£-¡-W-¡n-\v K-k B-cm-[-I-cp-sS a-\-Ên Øn-c-{]-Xn-jvT t\-Sn-b sa-lv-Zn l-k³, 1927 Pq-sse 28\v cm-P-Øm-\n-se ep-W-bn-em-Wp P-\n-¨-Xv.
hn-`-P-\-s¯- Xp-SÀ-¶v A-t±-l-w Ip-Spw-_-t¯m-sSm-¸w ]m-In-kv-Xm-\n-te-¡p Ip-Sn-tb-dn. -X-sâ i-Ð-ku-Ip-am-cyw aq-e-[-\-am-¡n H-cp-Im-e-¯v ]m-In-kv-Xm³ N-e-¨n-{X-ta-J-e A-S-¡n-`-cn-¨p A-t±-lw. A-t±-l-¯n-sâ Km-\-an-sÃ-¦n ]m-Iv kn-\n-a A-]qÀ-W-sa-¶p I-cp-Xn-bn-cp-¶ \m-fp-I-fm-bn-cp-¶p A-Xv. ]m-In-kv-Xm-\p ]p-d-sa, C-´y-bnÂ-\n-¶pw \o-¸m-fnÂ-\n-¶pw G-sd _-lp-a-Xn-IÄ A-t±-l-s¯ tX-Sn-sb-¯n. kw-Ko-X-t¯m-Sp-Å A-S-§m-¯ Zm-l-hp-am-bn h-fÀ-¶ sa-lv-Zn l-k-sâ _m-ey-Im-ew I-ã-¸m-Sp-I-Ä \n-d-ª-Xm-bn-cp-¶p. Ip-Spw-_w t]m-äm-\m-bn ssk-¡nÄ dn-]-b-dn-Mpw ImÀ -sa-¡m-\n-¡p-am-b-t¸m-gpw K-k Â-t{]-aw A-t±-lw D-t]-£n-¨n-Ã.
1957 td-Un-tbm ]m-In-kv-Xm-\n- ]m-Sm³ A-h-k-cw e-`n-¨-Xv Po-hn-X-¯n h-gn-¯n-cn-hm-bn. A-Xp-h-sc A-S-ªp-In-S-¶ hm-Xn-ep-IÄ A-t±-l-¯n-sâ ap-¶n a-eÀ-s¡ Xp-d-¶p. ]n-¶o-Sp-Å c-WvSp-aq-¶v ]-Xn-äm-WvSv l-k-sâ kp-hÀ-W-Im-e-am-bn-cp-¶p. A-t±-l-¯n-sâ C-¼-amÀ-¶ i-Ð-¯n-\m-bn A-XnÀ-¯n- I-S-¶v C-´y-bn-epw B-cm-[-I-À Im-tXmÀ-¯p. C-´y-bp-sS hm-\-¼m-Sn e-Xm a-t¦-jv-I-À-s¡m-¸w tNÀ-¶v sa-lv-Zn l-k-³ kw-Ko-X-tem-I-¯n-\v ln-äv Km-\-§Ä kw-`m-h-\- \Â-In. ssZ-h-¯n-sâ i-Ð-sa-¶m-Wp l-k-sâ Km-\-§-sf e-Xm a-t¦-jv-IÀ hn-ti-jn-¸n-¨-Xv.
90IÄ B-hp-t¼m-tg-¡pw kw-Ko-X-N-{I-hÀ-¯n-bp-sS i-Ð-w tcm-Kw-aq-ew £-bn-¨p-sIm-WvSn-cp-¶p. 2000 C-´y-bn-se-¯n K-kÂ-k-Ôy-sbm-cp-¡n. A-t±-l-¯n-sâ B-Zy-s¯-bpw A-h-km-\-s¯-bpw bp-Ü-Km-\w 2010 F-¨v-.-Fw-.-hn ]p-d-¯n-d-¡n-b tX-tc an-e-\m F-¶ Km-\-am-Wv. e-Xm a-t¦-jv-IÀ-s¡m-¸-am-Wv A-t±-lw Cu Km-\w B-e-]n-¨-Xv. l-k³ Cu-W-an-« Cu Km-\w ]m-In-kv-Xm-\n-epw C-´y-bn-ep-am-bn dn-¡m À-Uv sN-bv-X-Xm-Wv. 2010 Nn-InÂ-k-bv-¡m-bn C-´y-bn-te-¡p h-c-W-sa-¶pw e-Xm a-t¦-jv-IÀ, Zn-eo-]v Ip-amÀ, A-an-Xm-`v _-¨³ Xp-S-§n-b-h-sc Im-W-W-sa-¶pw B-{K-ln-s¨-¦n-epw kz-]v-\-w _m-¡n-bm-bn.-
